Retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) consistently challenges medical staff and patients, and the incidence of retear after surgery is 10-94%. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors that cause retear after ARCR and provide theoretical guidance for clinical intervention to reduce the occurrence of postoperative rotator cuff retear.Systematic review and meta-analysis.The protocol for this meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021225088). PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched for observational studies on risk factors for rotator cuff retear after arthroscopic repair. Meta-analytical methods were used to determine the odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) of potential risk factors related to postoperative rotator cuff retear. Stata 15.1 was used to quantitatively evaluate the publication bias of the statistical results.Fourteen studies from 6 countries with a total of 5693 patients were included. The meta-analysis revealed that the risk factors for retear after rotator cuff repair were age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, subscapularis and infraspinatus fatty infiltration, symptom duration, bone mineral density, tear length, tear width, tear size area, amount of retraction, critical shoulder angle (CSA), acromiohumeral interval (AI), distance from the musculotendinous junction to the glenoid, operative duration, biceps procedure, and postoperative University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score.These findings can help clinical medical staff identify patients who are prone to retear early after arthroscopic repair and develop targeted prevention and treatment strategies for modifiable risk factors, which are of great significance for reducing the occurrence of rotator cuff retear after ARCR.Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.