Environmental and genetic factors are jointly involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The EGLN1 gene is a major factor in upstream regulation of the hypoxia-inducible pathway. EGLN1 negatively regulates the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-lα and HIF-2α by regulating the concentration of oxygen, mainly in a hypoxic environment. Hypoxia is a common physiologic condition during the progression of COPD, and several studies have identified genetic variants in EGLN1 as a key factor in the adaptation to hypoxic environments. However, it is still unclear whether there is an association between EGLN1 variants and the risk of developing COPD.A case-control study was conducted in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. A total of 292 COPD patients and 297 healthy controls were enrolled to assess the association of EGLN1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs41303095 A>G, rs480902 C>T, rs12097901 C>G, rs2153364 G>A) with COPD susceptibility.The EGLN1 rs41303095 A>G, rs480902 C>T, rs12097901 C>G, and rs2153364 G>A polymorphisms were not associated with COPD susceptibility (p > 0.05).The EGLN1 rs41303095 A>G, rs480902 C>T, rs12097901 C>G and rs2153364 G>A polymorphisms were found in this study not to be associated with susceptibility to COPD in Gannan Tibetans.© 2024 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.