Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity lung disease caused by a fungus known as Aspergillus fumigatus. It complicates and aggravates asthma. Despite their potential associations, the underlying mechanisms of asthma developing into ABPA remain obscure. Here we performed an integrative transcriptome analysis based on three types of human peripheral blood, which derived from ABPA patients, asthmatic patients and health controls, aiming to identify crucial lncRNAs implicated in ABPA and asthma. Initially, a high-confidence dataset of lncRNAs was identified using a stringent filtering pipeline. A comparative mutational analysis revealed no significant difference among these samples. Differential expression analysis disclosed several immune-related mRNAs and lncRNAs differentially expressed in ABPA and asthma. For each disease, three sub-networks were established using differential network analysis. Many key lncRNAs implicated in ABPA and asthma were identified, respectively, i.e., AL139423.1-201, AC106028.4-201, HNRNPUL1-210, PUF60-218 and SREBF1-208. Our analysis indicated that these lncRNAs exhibits in the loss-of-function networks, and the expression of which were repressed in the occurrences of both diseases, implying their important roles in the immune-related processes in response to the occurrence of both diseases. Above all, our analysis proposed a new point of view to explore the relationship between ABPA and asthma, which might provide new clues to unveil the pathogenic mechanisms for both diseases.© 2021 Huang et al.